Hello,

When most of us begin to learn Capoeira, we see only the kicks, the acrobatics, etc. and that’s what we study.

The essence of Capoeira extends far beyond mere physical movements and rhythmic music. Remembrance, the spirit of rebellion, tradition and mischief intertwine to form an integral part of Capoeira, infusing it with an unparalleled authenticity and uniqueness. To truly appreciate and comprehend this art form, one must delve into its philosophy and embrace it as a holistic entity. Without this deeper understanding, the essence of Capoeira would be diminished, for it is through these elements that its soul truly resonates.

So…

What is the philosophy of capoeira?

The history of Capoeira is indeed captivating and unique. Unlike the oriental martial arts, Capoeira emerged under profoundly different circumstances, leading to distinct philosophies guiding its movements, music, and rituals. The secrecy surrounding much of its philosophy is indicative of its roots in a history of oppression and survival. It’s fascinating to consider how the environment in which Capoeira evolved influenced the development of its guiding principles, and how the perpetuation of these philosophies relied on trust and select sharing of knowledge. This secretive nature adds an aura of mystique to Capoeira, as it highlights the value and significance attached to its philosophies. The emphasis on survival as a core philosophy speaks volumes about the challenges and adversities faced by the practitioners of this art form, reinforcing its deep historical and cultural significance.

Beyond that, the art of Capoeira encompasses a rich tapestry of principles that delve deep into the complexities of human interaction. It emphasizes the importance of being prepared for the unexpected, valuing cleverness, and embracing the strength of indirect resistance. These fundamental principles not only enrich the practice of Capoeira but also offer valuable insights for navigating the challenges of day-to-day life.

Participation in a Capoeira group provides an invaluable opportunity to immerse oneself in the philosophy of Capoeira, albeit influenced by the specific interpretations of that group. The multifaceted nature of Capoeira means that learning goes beyond mere intellectual understanding, incorporating experiential learning as well. The ethos of Capoeira extends beyond the physical practice, enriching participants with a deeper understanding of life’s intricacies.

A common term that reverberates throughout Capoeira groups is “AXE” (pronounced ah-SHAY), which encapsulates the concept of “life force,” akin to the Eastern concept of “QI.” This term holds profound spiritual significance while also serving as a warm greeting, reflecting positive energy, enjoyment, and the spirit of camaraderie during capoeira practice. The multifaceted nature of “axe” embodies the holistic essence of Capoeira, blending physicality, spirituality, and community into a harmonious whole. Within the context of Capoeira, “axe” represents the vital energy that fuels movements, rhythms, and interactions within the roda, infusing each practice session with vibrancy and purpose. As capoeiristas come together, embracing the rich history and tradition of this art form, the resonance of “axe” reverberates through their movements, music, and connections, creating an environment where participants can not only engage in the physical aspects of the practice but also delve into a deeper understanding of themselves and their place within the Capoeira community.

However, there are many other terms with more significance, that are more difficult to define.

Take the concepts of “Malicia,” “Malandragem” and “Mandinga” for example…

Capoeira is a martial art with a rich cultural heritage and a unique philosophy that encompasses a variety of terms that hold significant meaning within its context. “Malícia,” “mandinga,” and “malandragem” are three of the most commonly used words when discussing the philosophies of capoeira. It’s important to note that within the specific context of capoeira, these three terms are often used interchangeably as synonyms. However, outside of the capoeira context, each term carries its own distinct meaning and usage.

In the realm of capoeira, malandragem is a concept that encompasses a range of strategies employed to gain an advantage in a given situation. These advantages often involve actions that may be considered illicit. The execution of malandragem calls for a combination of skill, charisma, and cunning, along with other traits that aid in the manipulation of people or institutions to achieve the best possible outcome in the most effortless manner. It is a concept characterized by savoir faire and subtlety, reflecting a sophisticated approach to achieving one’s objectives.

Notably, malandragem, when combined with the concept of “jeitinho,” can be seen as another typical—though not exclusive—Brazilian mode of social navigation. Unlike “jeitinho,” malandragem involves effectively attacking the integrity of individuals and institutions in a manner that could be considered malicious from a legal standpoint. This distinction underscores the complex and nuanced nature of malandragem within the context of capoeira and the broader cultural landscape in which it exists.

The malandro Malandragem in Brazilian culture is a fascinating concept that has left a significant mark on the country’s popular imagination. This notion of gaining advantage without being caught is deeply rooted in the cultural fabric and has given rise to the characteristic figure of the malandro, who is often portrayed as a cunning individualist. This portrayal as a hero in Brazilian literature and folklore is exemplified by figures such as Pedro Malasarte and João Grilo, who embody the spirit of malandragem by outsmarting others and evading the constraints of oppressive institutions.

The use of malandragem as an intellectual resource is particularly intriguing, as it is not limited to individuals of little social influence or the socially disadvantaged. On the contrary, even those in better social positions can employ malandragem to gain illicit advantages in various aspects of life, including gambling, business, and interpersonal relationships.

Furthermore, the distinct characteristics associated with the malandro, such as loose clothing and a swaggering stride, add depth to the cultural significance of malandragem. It’s a testament to the resilience and resourcefulness of individuals who navigate a challenging societal landscape by employing their wit and cunning to secure their well-being.

Malandragem, therefore, stands as a compelling element of Brazilian culture, reflecting both the struggle for individual justice and the ingenuity of those who navigate the complexities of society. This rich and multifaceted concept continues to fascinate and inspire, shaping narratives and resonating with audiences far beyond the borders of Brazil.

Disconsidering logical argumentation, labor and honesty, the malandro presupposes that such methods are incapable of getting him a good outcome. Those who practice malandragem act in the manner of the popular Brazilian adage, immortalized in a catch phrase of former Brazilian soccer player Gérson de Oliveira Nunes in a cigarette TV commercial (hence the name it was given: Lei de Gérson, or Gérson’s law): “I like to get an advantage in everything.”

The concept of “malandragem” in Brazilian culture is deeply rooted, intertwined with historical, social, and economic factors. It is a term that encompasses the idea of using cunning and resourcefulness to navigate life’s challenges, often by circumventing established rules and conventions. This approach reflects a complex relationship with authority and a form of resistance against systems perceived as oppressive or unfair.

In understanding malandragem, it’s essential to acknowledge its multifaceted nature. Beyond the individual level, it extends to collective behaviors and societal attitudes, shaping interactions and shaping cultural norms. The layers of interpretation and application of malandragem make it a rich subject of study and analysis, offering insights into the dynamics of power, ethics, and resilience within Brazilian society.

Gérson’s law, as an embodiment of malandragem, encapsulates a mindset that prioritizes personal gain and advantage, often at the expense of others. This attitude, while controversial, reflects broader discussions on morality, opportunism, and the pursuit of success. It invites reflection on the ethical implications of seeking advantage and the consequences of such actions on interpersonal relationships and social structures.

The legacy of Gérson’s law extends beyond its origins in a TV commercial, resonating in Brazilian popular culture and beyond. It serves as a reference point for discussions on sportsmanship, fair play, and the ethical dimensions of competition. Furthermore, it sparks discourse on the intersection of sports, advertising, and societal values, illustrating the far-reaching impact of cultural expressions such as catchphrases in shaping collective attitudes.

In considering the influence and implications of malandragem and Gérson’s law, it becomes evident that these concepts are embedded in broader narratives of identity, agency, and resilience. While they can provoke moral scrutiny and critique, they also shed light on the nuanced strategies employed by individuals and communities to navigate complex realities. Ultimately, they inspire ongoing dialogue about values, integrity, and the contours of success in the diverse tapestry of human experience.

A malandro is… the embodiment of cunning and trickery, the individual who navigates life with deceptive ease, whether in matters of the heart, business, or games of chance. This archetype embodies a smooth and devious operator, capable of convincing their partner of false fidelity, finding ways to shortchange employees, or manipulating cards to secure a winning hand. The malandro is a complex figure, often celebrated in folklore and literature for their resourcefulness and cleverness, yet simultaneously condemned for their lack of moral scruples. In many cultural contexts, the malandro represents a cautionary tale or a symbol of rebellion against societal norms, perpetuating a nuanced and layered portrayal of human nature’s darker aspects.

But, despite this apparent egocentrical lying and malicious nature, the person who makes use of malandragem is not necessarily selfish. He could possibly be lazy, but the malandro is not careless with the people around him. He generally doesn’t make use of malandragem to take advantage of another person intending to harm others, but rather only to find a way out of an unfair situation even if this means resorting to illegal methods. In fictional contexts, malandragem is often a device used to introduce wit, a typical plot device/characteristic of an antihero

The title of malandro has become significant to Brazilian national identity as a folk hero. It was (and sometimes still is) used with a negative connotation, and is linked to capoeiristas.

Mandinga,  has more of a connection to the religious element, to magic practices, which I’ll talk (type) about a little later.

Malícia, in capoeira, is basically the capacity to understand someone’s intentions. (This should not be confused with the english translation of this word, which is malice).

In capoeira, the concept of “malicia” is deeply embedded, underlining the importance of readiness and quick understanding of an opponent’s intentions. The courage to deceive, trick, and use clever strategies is highly valued, making it advantageous to emphasize intellect over physical strength. A proficient capoeirista excels in the art of misleading their counterpart, whether through feigned actions, such as faking a kick only to execute another, or by cunningly pretending to be injured to lower the opponent’s guard. Additionally, the incorporation of elaborate movements, known as “floreios,” enhances the ability to deceive opponents, creating the illusion of vulnerability while maintaining a prepared defense and offense. Furthermore, players can employ various tactics, including diversionary actions such as gesturing toward external elements during the roda, demonstrating that the possibilities for using guile in capoeira are virtually boundless.

Some of the popular proverbs among capoeiristas embodying the philosophy of malandragem include:

• “Quem não pode com mandinga não carrega patuá” (He who can’t handle mandinga doesn’t wear a patuá). In other words, everyone should be aware of their limitations.
• “Urubu para cantar demora” (A vulture takes a long time to sing), or its alternative version: “Bater papo com otário é jogar conversa fora” (Talking to a fool is a waste of words).
• “Valente não existe,” which translates to “There’s no such thing as a tough guy.” Capoeiristas should not be misled by the appearance of “tough guys” and should acknowledge that everyone experiences fear and insecurity to varying extents. They should see the person beneath the physical strength facade, whether in themselves or others.

The specific relevant content for this request, if necessary, delimited with characters: While I was researching malicia for this article on the internet, I came across this paper on the meaning of  malicia written by Shayna Mchugh. It’s a very interesting read, particularly the way the 2 mestres interviewed defined this concept, and taught it. You can find it and read it for yourself by clicking HERE .

And, I created this small video playlist so you can all see this concept in action, in capoeira games, and in other martial arts.

Now although the words I typed above, along with the video playlist defined malicia mostly in terms of fighting strategy, please understand that malicia is a basic element of capoeira, and though it SEEMS to be simple at first glance, it’s in fact VERY deep, and applies to much more.

In the context of capoeira, malicia encompasses a multifaceted concept that extends beyond mere physical techniques and combat strategies. It encapsulates a profound understanding of timing, rhythm, and improvisation, serving as a guiding principle in the development and execution of movements.

Kinda like this game between Mestre Poncianinho, and Professora Magia.
At Mestre Aranha’s event in Italy.

Under that amazing video, he writes,

“Mandinga is to find magic in life”
This beautiful game, has many subtle gestures and movements that enhance the connection and helps to tell a story.

While it may initially appear to revolve solely around combat maneuvers, the essence of malicia permeates various aspects of capoeira, including its rich cultural heritage, musical traditions, and social dynamics. The integration of malicia in capoeira reflects its complexity and depth, interweaving elements of strategy, intuition, and adaptability. As practitioners delve deeper into the art form, they uncover the intricate layers of malicia, realizing its nuanced applications in diverse facets of life, transcending beyond the roda and permeating everyday experiences.

O.K., Now that we’ve covered these particular concepts as best as somebody can cover it on a web page, let’s look at a couple of more philosophical (and physical) fundamentals.

It’s essential to delve into the deeper philosophical and physical underpinnings that shape our understanding. By exploring these fundamental principles, we can gain a more comprehensive perspective on the subject matter. Philosophical inquiry allows us to contemplate the abstract concepts and ideologies that underpin our knowledge, while delving into the physical aspects provides tangible grounding for our understanding. Together, these intertwined elements create a robust foundation for further exploration and learning.

Inclusivity and accessibility are key factors when presenting complex ideas, allowing a diverse audience to engage with the material. By incorporating various perspectives and approaches, we can ensure that the content resonates with a wide range of individuals. Additionally, fostering an environment of intellectual curiosity and open-mindedness encourages meaningful discussions and insights.

Continuing to enrich our understanding through the exploration of philosophical and physical fundamentals ultimately leads to a more holistic comprehension of the topic. It empowers individuals to critically analyze, discuss, and contribute to the ongoing discourse, cultivating a dynamic and thought-provoking exchange of ideas.

Here’s a small description of Capoeira’s basic philosophy from Mestre Moraes:

“O ringue de capoeira, cuja forma geométrica facilita a propagação da energia, é uma das representações simbólicas do mundo ‘macro’. Os movimentos que fazemos dentro deste ringue simbolizam as adversidades que encontramos na vida, que muitas vezes não sabemos como lidar. No jogo da vida, nossos adversários, na maioria das vezes, não sabem nada de capoeira, mas possuem movimentos peculiares ao seu próprio jogo, que devemos ser capazes de interpretar e compreender em seu contexto, tomando o ringue de capoeira como ponto de referência. Jogando no ringue, conseguimos estabelecer uma fusão entre elementos lúdicos e respeito pelo outro. Mas o ringue não é a realidade: o mundo é. Se vencermos neste ringue, podemos levar o outro também!”

“The capoeira ring, whose geometric form facilitates the propagation of energy, is one of the symbolic representations of the ‘macro’ world. The movements we make inside this ring symbolise the adversities we encounter in life, which we often don’t know how to deal with. In the game of life, our opponents, in most cases, know nothing of capoeira, but have movements peculiar to their own game, which we should be able to interpret and understand in their context, taking the capoeira ring as a point of reference. Playing in the ring, we succeed in establishing a fusion between playful elements and respect for the other person. But the ring isn’t reality: the world is. If we win in this ring, we can take the other one too!”

Now, allow me to add on to this a little bit.

Capoeira, originating from Brazil, is not just a martial art – it’s a multifaceted practice that can be likened to a game. This characteristic allows for a diverse range of experiences, from lighthearted and cooperative to intense and competitive, or anything in between. Consider capoeira as a dynamic conversation, encompassing the entire spectrum from an amiable dialogue to a passionate debate. At the core of capoeira lies interaction; just like a dialogue, it requires active participation from all involved. In the capoeira game, participants engage in a physical exchange of “questions” and “answers,” and the player who poses a question that their partner cannot counter effectively ‘wins’ the exchange. This intricate interplay of movement and strategy makes capoeira a captivating blend of physicality and mental agility, fostering a unique and compelling form of expression.

In the realm of Capoeira Angola, the concept of “winning” takes on a unique and thought-provoking perspective. My esteemed instructor, Charles, often emphasizes that within this art form, the traditional notion of “winners” is not applicable. However, he astutely points out that there ARE “losers”, and a participant becomes a “loser” if they allow themselves to succumb to anger and frustration.

Charles (My teacher) eloquently elucidates that in the context of a Capoeira Angola game, losing one’s composure relinquishes one’s inner strength and focus. When clouded by fury, an individual inadvertently transfers their power to their opponent, effectively compromising their own position within the game. This insightful perspective uncovers the profound connection between emotional control and success within the art of Capoeira Angola, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a composed and focused mindset throughout the practice and gameplay.

Movement and versatility

Capoeira places a high value on movement and versatility. This is a key aspect of the art that sets it apart from other martial arts. In capoeira, the basic stance is not rigid and immobile, as you might find in some other martial arts. Instead, it embodies a fluid and dynamic movement known as the GINGA.

The GINGA, which translates to “to swing” or “to sway,” is integral to the practice of capoeira, portraying the art’s emphasis on agility and adaptability. The fluidity of the GINGA reflects the essence of capoeira as an art form that incorporates elements of dance, acrobatics, and music, creating a unique and captivating martial art that celebrates the beauty of movement.

Capoeiristas should always be moving. This is a multi-dimensional art; its players practice moving in all directions in many different ways. A good capoeirista is adaptable and ready for anything.

The fluid and rhythmic movements of capoeira make it a captivating spectacle to behold. When observing capoeiristas in action, one cannot help but be impressed by their agility and grace. The seamless transitions from one movement to another demonstrate the high level of skill and control possessed by the practitioners of this art form. As the music sets the tempo, capoeiristas engage in a dynamic exchange, showcasing their ability to move in all directions with fluidity and precision. It is this multi-dimensional aspect that truly sets capoeira apart, requiring its practitioners to be adaptable and responsive to any situation that may arise during a game or performance. This art form demands not only physical prowess, but also mental acuity, as a good capoeirista must be prepared for the unexpected and able to react with agility and creativity.

Indirect resistance

Capoeira is a mesmerizing martial art form that emphasizes agility, fluidity, and seamless transitions between attack and defense. In this dynamic art, strikes are often deftly dodged rather than conventionally blocked, showcasing the practitioner’s ability to navigate and evade with grace. Capoeira’s unique approach to combat reflects its philosophy of versatility, adaptability, and non-confrontation. It instills in its practitioners the capacity to engage in both offensive and defensive maneuvers from various stances, including standing, grounded, or even inverted positions, exemplifying the art’s pervasive influence, transcending traditional martial art norms. Furthermore, the inclusive nature of capoeira allows for the utilization of any part of the body as a means of attack or defense, emphasizing the comprehensive integration of physical abilities and creative expression within this captivating art form.

Santo Antônio é protetor

Also, although capoeiristas are not required to practice a certain religion or any religion at all, it can take on religious significance.

Capoeira is  loosely connected to CATHOLICISM…

And to afro-brazilian religions like UMBANDA, and CANDOMBLE.

QUANDO CHEGO NO TERREIRO

Quando chego no Terreiro

trato logo de louvar

louvo a Deus primeiramente

louvo meu pai Oxalá

também louvo o pai Xangó

e a rainha do mar

peço licença Deus de Angola

me dê o salão prá eu vadiar

Câmara…

The Orixas hold a central role in the Candomblé religion, bearing great cultural and spiritual significance within the Yoruba tradition. Originating from the Yoruba people of West Africa, the Orixas were ancient rulers, revered heroes, and esteemed ancestors, elevated to the esteemed status of deities upon their arrival in Brazil through the transatlantic slave trade. The vibrant and intricate tapestry of the Candomblé religion intertwines with the historical, cultural, and spiritual experiences of the Yoruba people, connecting their journey from the shores of Africa to the heart of Brazil.“`

“The Orixás are revelations of the spiritual power of the highest-ranking deity Olorun (Oludumare). They are the mediators between the Supreme Being of Olorun and believers. The Orixás are ancestors as well as forces of nature.”

“Originally every group worshipped its own ancestors in Africa, and every town or city-state was bound to a specific local deity, often an ancestor of the local ruling dynasty, a leader of one’s own clan, or a person who somehow uniquely helped and supported the group. Because of the changed conditions in the Diaspora, there developed a genuine pantheon of deities, in which a large number of Orixás were concentrated in the same terreiro (like a church) as a mythical space. First and foremost was the maintaining of a symbolic heritage that supported all responsibility for the continuity of the African view of the world in exile. The Orixás clearly have their weakness and can make errors and mistakes. In his book Orixas Pierre Verger compares the Yoruba deities in Africa and the New World, and he assigns human archetypes to them. Every believer lives his entire life under the protection of his individually chosen Orixá.

However, it’s important to recognize that the Orixás are not fully equivalent to gods in other religious traditions. They are seen as powerful beings with their own characteristics and associations, often linked to natural elements, human emotions, and aspects of daily life. These deities can provide guidance, protection, and support, yet they are also known to exhibit human-like traits and fallibility, which adds depth and complexity to the relationship between believers and the spiritual realm.

The concept of individual connection to a specific Orixá is a central aspect of this spiritual tradition, shaping the way individuals understand themselves and their place in the world. It reflects a deeply personal and intimate bond with the divine, emphasizing the unique qualities and influences of each deity on the lives of their followers. This personalized spiritual guidance fosters a sense of belonging and purpose, enriching the spiritual experiences of those who revere the Orixás.”

The Orixás are closely connected to forces of nature such as air and water, as well as to mountains and animals. In addition, each deity has a specific attribute: a color, a metal, a day of the week, a favorite dish, a certain drumbeat, etc… Several Orixás also have concrete tasks and social functions, for example Xango’s as a warrior, Oxossi’s as a hunter, and Ogun’s as a blacksmith.

In Brazil and other nations of the Americas – as in Cuba with the Santería – the African deities were disguised through their association with Catholic saints in order to practice the religion in spite of it being forbidden. The syncretism between African religious beliefs and Catholicism led to the merging of deities from both faiths, creating a unique and complex religious landscape. This cultural blending allowed enslaved Africans and their descendants to maintain their spiritual practices while outwardly conforming to the dominant religion of the time. The resulting syncretic religions, such as Candomblé in Brazil and Santería in Cuba, are rich in symbolism, ritual, and tradition, and continue to thrive as integral elements of the cultural and spiritual identity of their respective communities. This fascinating cultural phenomenon serves as a testament to the resilience and adaptability of human belief systems in the face of adversity.

You see, They were forced by the European slave masters to adopt Catholic practices; however, they used Catholicism as a façade behind which to practice their own religious practices.

For example, each orixá of candomblé was associated with a Catholic saint, so that a slave could say a prayer to a Catholic saint but in reality be praying to an Orixia.

For Example:

• Oxalá (supreme father and creator of the world) – Jesus
• Iemanjá (goddess of the sea and mother of other orixás) – the Virgin Mary
• Oxóssi (hunter god) – Saint George and Saint Sebastian
• Xangô (king, god of thunder and justice) – Saint Peter, Saint John the Baptist, Saint Francis of Assisi
• Oxumaré (god of duality, movement, perpetual renovation) – Saint Bartholomew
• Ogum (explorer of paths) – Saint Anthony
• Nanã (old goddess, co-creator of the world) – Saint Anna, mother of Mary
• Iansã (warrior goddess) – Saint Barbara
• Obá (goddess of suffering) – Saint Catherine, Saint Joan of Arc, Saint Martha
• Obaluaiê (god of life, death, sickness, health) – Saint Lazarus
• Ibeji (twin gods representing dualities) – Saints Cosme and Damien

And in reference to how the orixas relate to Capoeira, well…

I found this post that was posted a few years ago on a facebook group named CAPOEIRA: JOGO DE BOCA. 

Awo Fasegun

May 10, 2014

IFA and CAPOEIRA ORI – Your own personal style. (Expression) 

ORUNMILA- The infinite wisdom of the game.(Intuition) 

ESU-Your ability to be unpredictable and tricky.(Infinite choices)

OGUN- Your ability to cut through your opponents defense without hesitation. (Strength & explosion)

OSOOSI – Your ability to find your target with speed and accuracy. (Stealth, stalking, persistence)

SANGO – Your ability to lead and aggressively control the game. (Extreme confidence)

OYA – Your ability to adapt to sudden unexpected change. (Adaptive change)

OSUN – Your ability to refine and beautify the game. (Technical perfection)

YEMOJA – Your ability to nurture & develop your game. (Birth of movement)

OBATALA – The wisdom, maturity and ethics of the game. Coolness in the heat of the battle. (Creativity)

EGUN – The collective spirit of those who have come before you. The creators, custodians, teachers. (Innovators)
By Awo Fasegun

Now, there is a lot more to it than this very basic understanding, but I think it’s good for us all to start with.

Understanding the nuances and complexities of this subject extends beyond the fundamental principles elucidated in the aforementioned statement. However, commencing with these elementary concepts serves as a solid foundation for all to build upon.

Now one mestre who is  known for his elaborate philosophy derived out of African spirituality is Mestre Moraes. If you want to read a small example of his philosophy,  check out the interview translated by Shayna McHugh on her website, Capoeira Cpnnection. Just click HERE to read it.

And Now, I want to show you all this symbol.

This symbol represents a living system of the BAKONGO people that recognizes, embodies and utilizes the universal vital force and it’s relation to nature, man, and ancestors.

The cosmogram, or dikenga dia Kongo in the Kikongo language, is a profound and enduring symbol within the Kongo culture. Its significance goes beyond mere visual representation, encapsulating a profound ideological and metaphysical framework. As a foundational element of spiritual and religious belief systems, the cosmogram served as a conduit for the transmission of cultural values and philosophical concepts across generations. Its enduring presence as a symbol of identity and cosmic interconnectedness underscores its deep-rooted importance within the cultural tapestry of the BaKongo people. Indeed, the cosmogram stands as a testament to the intellectual and spiritual sophistication of this vibrant and resilient culture, resonating with timeless wisdom that continues to enrich our understanding of the human experience.

The cosmic interconnectedness expressed through the cosmogram reflects the philosophical underpinnings of the BaKongo people, embracing a holistic understanding of existence. The interconnected lines and circles of the cosmogram not only convey a sense of unity and harmony within the cosmos, but also symbolize the interplay of opposing forces and the balance inherent in the natural world. This intricate symbol, with its intricate visual and conceptual layers, serves as a visual representation of the complex cosmology and metaphysical understanding embraced by the BaKongo people.

Moreover, the cosmogram’s enduring presence within Kongo culture highlights its role as a repository of cultural knowledge and spiritual wisdom. Through its symbolism and the intricate patterns it encompasses, the cosmogram serves as a reminder of the collective memory and ancestral wisdom that has been passed down through generations. It stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of the BaKongo people and their commitment to preserving and transmitting their cultural heritage.

The cosmogram’s significance extends to various cultural expressions, and one of the captivating instances is in the world of capoeira. In capoeira, the cosmogram serves as a profound representation of interconnectedness and spirituality, reflecting the rich heritage and philosophy interwoven within this captivating art form.

Through the lens of the dikenga dia Kongo, practitioners of capoeira find a profound connection to their roots, embracing the ethos of unity and balance within their movements and interactions. The cosmogram’s symbolism infuses capoeira with a deeper understanding of harmony, rhythm, and the interconnectedness of all elements, fostering a holistic approach to the practice.

Incorporating the cosmogram into the fabric of capoeira not only honors the traditions of the Kongo people but also enriches the art form with a profound sense of cultural significance and spiritual resonance. It serves as a reminder of the enduring legacy of the Kongo people and their invaluable contributions to the diverse tapestry of human expression and experience.

In conclusion, the cosmogram remains a powerful and evocative symbol that embodies the rich tapestry of beliefs, values, and wisdom within the Kongo culture. Its intricate symbolism and enduring presence reflect the intellectual and spiritual sophistication of the BaKongo people, offering profound insights into the interconnectedness of humanity and the cosmos. It serves as a timeless expression of cultural identity and spiritual resilience, inviting all who encounter it to ponder the profound insights it offers into the human experience.

As capoeira spreads around the world, it continues to adapt and evolve, interacting with different cultures and belief systems. This interaction has the potential to create diverse and inclusive communities, with the art form attracting practitioners from various backgrounds including Jewish, Hindu, Buddhist, Taoist, and more. It’s truly remarkable to see how this art form transcends cultural boundaries, bringing people together to celebrate its rich history and traditions. I am optimistic that as long as the African roots of capoeira are preserved and respected, the expansion and diversification of its practitioners will only enhance its global appeal and significance.

Now, About Mandinga…

SOLTA MANDINGA E

Solta mandinga e

solta mandinga

solta mandinga e capoeira, solta mandinga

Solta mandinga e

solta mandinga

solta mandinga e capoeira, solta mandinga

Se voçe năo tem mandinga

entăo năo sabe jogar

é preciso tem malícia

é preciso improvisar

Solta mandinga e

solta mandinga

solta mandinga e capoeira, solta mandinga

Brincar leve, jogar solto

ou tambem saber entrar

enganhar o jogo do outro

e saber movimentar

Solta mandinga e

solta mandinga

solta mandinga e capoeira, solta mandinga

What is Mandinga in the context of capoeira?

“All advanced forms of martial art have their magical aspect. The Taoist practitioners are deeply involved with magic, Shinto has its sophisticated magical aspect as does Islam. The Animists practice ritual magical martial arts, the Hindu and the Buddhist cultures have practices and traditions of martial magic. All the European arts have long ties to magical practice, pre and post Christian era. Everybody does magic ….”

“The individual warrior has his own personal magic. He may ‘quest’ or seek visions or dreams. He will make sacrifice, perform personal rituals and take on his talismans of power. He will appeal to his personal guardians, familiars, ancestors or such. The private practice of the warrior is the purest preparation for meeting God that there is in any spiritual practice.”

“The spiritual study of the warrior is more important than the physical in many ways. Combat is far past the physical abilities of any man; he acts in exhaustion, deafness, pain and privation. The cultivation of the indomitable intention is done in a posture of effecting magic. He ‘calls the tiger’ or eats the heart of his enemy or of the Bear, collects the heads of defeated enemy or his weapons and artifacts, in order to subjugate his opponents spirit. He pursues the ritual combat in times of peace; gaming, caravan or expedition, hunting, arts and letters, and imbues them with the same importance as the combat experience.

The warrior will weaken his enemy by magical projections and ritual against him. He will seek to understand the intention of the enemy and confuse it, to break his timing and focus. The warrior seeks to control the weather and the environment against the enemy, to cause him sickness, foul his supplies and sabotage him. He will seek to dominate the enemy with a cloud of despair.”

“All through the ages and in all cultures, people have practiced martial magic; magic in aid of prevailing over enemies, magic of healing, magic of preparation for death of ourselves. How much was pointless and how much was a manipulation of power not yet understood by Science is conjecture, but what is not conjecture is that the field of study may yield something that saves your life some day.If you choose to fight with only science, you will ignore a body of knowledge garnered over millennia by people whose lives depended on it. If you wait for Science to explain it, you may wait for a long time. How do you measure Taiji Quan, how does Pa Qua work? Is the Ketchak dancer heavier or lighter during the trance, what’s a trance? Does mushin mind cause synapses to fire more quickly, then why isn’t cha-no-yu done ‘quickly’? Obviously, martial magic has answers for which Science has no questions and questions for which Science has no arbiter.”

FROM KUNTAOSILAT.COM – Click HERE to read the whole article.

 

The term “mandinga” has deep roots in the world of capoeira, representing a multifaceted concept that encompasses elements of magic, strategy, and artistry. In the context of capoeira, a “mandingueiro” embodies the qualities of a cunning and skilled fighter, adept at outsmarting their opponent through guile and ingenuity. This characteristic essence of “mandinga” infuses the game of capoeira with a sense of intrigue and theatricality, particularly within the realm of capoeira Angola.

Furthermore, delving into the historical and cultural backdrop, the origins of “mandingueiro” harken back to a time when individuals were believed to possess magical abilities that offered protection from harm through the influence of spirits. Within the tradition of capoeira Angola, masters were known to harness these mystical beliefs through the use of “patuas,” or charms, which were thought to confer supernatural powers upon the wearer. These powers ranged from the ability to become invisible and shape shift, to possessing a “corpo-fechado,” a body impervious to harm.

The rich tapestry of meanings and associations woven into the term “mandinga” thus reflects a convergence of martial prowess, spirituality, and folklore within the practice of capoeira, elevating it beyond a mere physical activity into a realm of symbolism and mystique.

Patua are only one example of the ritual incantations of the mandingueiros (spiritu-ally protected capoeira Angola fighters).

These patuas were commonly made by sorcerors called feiteceiros, some of whom were capoeira masters themselves.

The use of mandinga and patua are enshrined in a popular line found in a number of capoeira Angola songs, “Quem nao pode com mandinga, nao carrega patua” (Who cannot make with incantations doesn’t carry a patua).

The importance of charms and conjure in capoeira can also be seen in the case of Besouro Manganga, a historic capoeira fighter from the city of Santa Amaro who has been elevated to almost mythic status. He is considered the greatest capoeira adept of all time and is called Besouro Manganga because people believed he was unbeatable due to his charms.

“Manganga” means a powerful medicine man and appears to derive from nganga, the Kongo-Angolan term for a ritual specialist.ao It is believed that Besouro’s powers allowed him to best all his enemies, other capoeira fighters as well as armed policemen. He was finally killed by a knife made of ticum wood, believed to have been specially treated with certain rituals to counteract his charms.

If you look up his story,  you’ll find an incredible story involving the Orishas and all sort of magic, and messages confronting systems of oppression.

(of course this MOVIE about him says very little about his actual life. Click HERE to watch this documentary with actual facts about his life, the trailer of which I posted below)

It’s fascinating to think of Capoeira as a vast sea, with its depth and breadth offering something unique to each person who encounters it. Just like the ocean, Capoeira carries with it a sense of mystery, with layers of history and culture waiting to be explored. Each individual’s journey with Capoeira is like a distinctive path along the shoreline, shaped by personal experiences, connections, and insights into the philosophy and practice of this art form.

The philosophy of Capoeira extends beyond the physical techniques and movements, delving into the values of respect, resilience, and community. As practitioners navigate through this sea of philosophy, they are empowered to discover their own meaning within its depths, allowing for personal interpretation and introspection. It’s this individual journey that adds richness and depth to the art of Capoeira, as each person brings their own unique perspective to the practice and in turn influences others around them.

In essence, the philosophy of Capoeira is not static or confined, but rather dynamic and open to personal revelation. Just as the sea is ever-changing, so too is the interpretation of Capoeira’s philosophy, ensuring that it remains a source of inspiration and transformation for those who immerse themselves in its waters. Therefore, each capoeirista is not just a participant, but also a storyteller, shaping their own narrative within the realm of Capoeira’s philosophy and leaving an indelible mark on the broader Capoeira community.

To Illustrate this, I have posted some videos here of capoeiristas of different styles, who have dedicated their lives to this way of life, and live this philosophy in their daily lives.

Click HERE to watch a playlist of the full interview.

And check out his web sites:
www.temjogo.com

Freemovementfest.com

next up, we have one of the world’s most renowned Capoeira Angola practicioners, MESTRE COBRA MANSA, along with a couple of his students, explaining a bit of their journey in Capoeira Angola, and how it has impacted their lives.

Check out his main website at ficamundo.org

Next up, we have a talk about capoeira and philosophy of life between Mestre Agostinho and Mestre Jacob. It covers some of the core values in capoeira, that are emphasized and practised in the teaching in their capoeira group, Grupo Ginga. It was recorded in november 2014 during their 10th annual batizado and graduation ceremony in Copenhagen. The event also celebrated Mestre Jacob’s 20th anniversary in teaching capoeira.

You can find them here at their websites:
www.grupoginga.com.br

www.ginga.dk

Next, we have for you this TED talk called Renegotiating Body Politics via Capoeira, where Mestre Poncianinho and his student Beatrice, will play Capoeira in a very small space, which we call Jogo de Dentro (Inside-Outside Game), and then Beatrice will share some of her ideas on how to tackle the challenges of sexism, racism, homophobia, ableism and ageism, through capoeira

Ponciano Almeida was born and raised in Guaratinguetá, Sao Paulo, Brazil where he was completely immersed in the capoeira life and community. He is the son of MESTRE ZE ANTONIO, and started his studies in capoeira and Brazilian dances at an early age. In 2000 he moved to the UK and began work on his capoeira school, now called Mojuba capoeira. This venture has thrived and celebrated its 10 year anniversary in 2010. for more information about Mestre Poncianinho and his work, please go to his website @
https://www.mojuba.co.uk/

Dr. Beatrice Allegranti is an award winning dance movement psychotherapist (UKCP reg.), choreographer, capoeira practitioner, feminist researcher, writer and educator. You can find her here @ www.beatriceallegranti.com

Next up, we have Dr. Ọbádélé Kambon being interviewed by Dr. Juan Diego Diaz Meneses on his personal philosophy of Capoeira.

You can find him at his websites:

Obadelekambon.com

Abibtumi.com

And last, but certainly not least, we have Mestre Xuxo.
Mestre Xuxo is a bodyweight movement specialist with a background in capoeira. In this video clip, he discusses capoeira, body weight movement, breakdancing and his current works.

You can check him out here @https://www.facebook.com/Enjoyyourself.movementCulture/

Like I said in the beginning of this page, There is no one philosophy in Capoeira. Of course, there are commonalities that everyone has in philosophical ideas in Capoeira, which I tried to convey to you. But beyond that, there are differences in each person’s interpretation of Capoeira’s philosophy, which is why I posted the videos above, to show you that, though you may see some… philosophical differences, they’re all doing Capoeira, and all of their philosophical ideas are valid.

Capoeira is a rich and diverse art form that encompasses various philosophies, reflecting the diverse cultural and historical influences that have shaped it over the centuries. Its philosophy is not static, but rather dynamic and evolving, influenced by individual experiences and personal insights. The essence of Capoeira’s philosophy lies in its inclusivity and adaptability, allowing practitioners to express their unique perspectives while embracing the core principles that unite them. By acknowledging the validity of diverse philosophical ideas within Capoeira, we can appreciate the art form’s depth and richness, celebrating the multiplicity of interpretations that contribute to its vibrancy and relevance in today’s world.

So, what have I learned walking down this path so far?

Well…

I don’t know when, but sometime on this path, I realized that there is so much more to life than I ever thought there was. During training, sometimes what I believe I can do and what I can’t do gets tested, and I get that graphic reminder that we are not bound by anything else but our own beliefs. And those times when we do fall short, that doesn’t mean that you cannot get up and try again. And again.

This realization was a turning point in my life, marking the moment when I understood the immense potential within us all. It’s through these challenges and setbacks that I learned the true extent of human resilience. The ability to push beyond self-imposed limitations and persist even when faced with failure is a testament to the strength of the human spirit. Embracing this mindset has empowered me to navigate life with a newfound sense of determination and optimism, knowing that every obstacle is an opportunity for growth.

The journey of self-discovery and personal growth continues to unfold, reminding me that we are capable of far more than we often imagine. Each setback becomes a stepping stone, propelling us forward on the path to realizing our full potential. As I embrace the notion of unlimited possibilities, I am continually inspired to rise above challenges and strive for excellence, knowing that every effort contributes to the journey of becoming the best version of myself.

When I’m under the berimbau about to play a game, even though it seems that the whole world is raging around me, I find peace and serenity deep within. While I watch a video of old Mestres like Curio, Joao Grande, Acordeon, etc. I see that age is nothing but a number… that this art is timeless, as we are. what you feel is what you bring to your reality.

The experience of being under the berimbau, the rhythmic sound guiding movements, is indeed a moment of deep connection and focus. The juxtaposition of the external chaos with the internal tranquility is a testament to the power of music and the human spirit. And as you observe the old Mestres in their element, it becomes evident that their timeless mastery transcends age, inspiring a sense of reverence for the art form. This reflection on the intrinsic timelessness of capoeira resonates with the profound understanding that our reality is shaped by our innermost feelings and beliefs, a reminder to approach life with intention and positivity.

By learning, and being a part of the history of Capoeira, I see that no matter what happens… You WILL feel whole again. It is in our nature, in our DNA to regenerate, replenish, and restructure our lives, even when the damage is almost absolute. The centuries-old tradition of Capoeira has taught me that resilience is deeply ingrained in our being, passed down through generations. Through the rhythm of the music and the fluidity of movement, Capoeira embodies the spirit of perseverance and renewal. Just as the ebb and flow of the ocean, we too can rise from the depths of adversity and find our footing once more. This timeless art form serves as a testament to the indomitable human spirit, inspiring us to embrace our innate ability to heal and thrive, no matter the challenges we may face.

Today… right here… RIGHT NOW is the Time.

Truly, there realistically is no tomorrow. You are Alive. Now.

Well, these are some of the things floating in my head now when I think of Capoeria. Most likely, what I think of this art, and what I learn from it will change in time. However, this is where I’m at with it right now.